Study on the influence of levels of physical activity and socio-economic conditions on body mass index of adolescents

Abstract Background We explored the relationship between adolescent physical activity levels, socio-economic conditions and body mass index (BMI) in order to gain a deeper understanding of the relevant factors affecting adolescent obesity. Methods A stratified random sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey of middle school students in the Chengdu–Chongqing Economic Zone. Multiple linear and logistic regression analysis methods were used to statistically analyse the data obtained. Results The level of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) not only significantly reduces the incidence of obesity in adolescents, it also has a positive effect on avoiding underweight in adolescents. The impact of a father's BMI on a son's weight is higher than that of a daughter, while the impact of a mother's BMI on a child's weight is the opposite. High monthly income has a positive effect on reducing the BMI of male and female adolescents, but full-time working mothers actually increase the risk of obesity in their children. Teenagers who have exercise habits or view exercise as a form of enjoyment have a significantly reduced risk of obesity. Conclusions The level of MVPA and exercise habits are important factors in inhibiting the development of obesity in adolescent students.