Effect of S‐adenosylmethionine versus tauroursodeoxycholic acid on bile acid‐induced apoptosis and cytolysis in rat hepatocytes

BACKGROUND: S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe) increases survival in alcoholic liver cirrhosis and may have a beneficial effect in cholestatic liver disease. SAMe repletes glutathione stores and protects tissue from oxygen free radicals. The effect of SAMe on bile acid-induced apoptosis is unknown. In the present study the possible hepatoprotective effect of SAMe was evaluated and compared with that of tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA). METHODS: Primary rat hepatocytes treated with glycochenodeoxycholic acid (GCDCA) were used as a model for cholestasis-induced hepatocellular damage, which served to study the effects of SAMe and TUDCA on bile acid-induced apoptosis and cytolysis. RESULTS: SAMe reduced bile acid-induced apoptosis but did not prevent bile acid-induced cytolysis. Compared with SAMe, TUDCA was more efficient in reducing apoptosis due to toxic bile acids. The combination of SAMe and TUDCA had additive effects in reducing apoptosis. CONCLUSION: The reduction in bile acid-induced apoptosis by SAMe may represent one of the factors responsible for its beneficial effects in the treatment of liver diseases.