材料科学
相间
溶剂
钠
图层(电子)
金属
化学工程
二进制数
无机化学
纳米技术
冶金
有机化学
化学
遗传学
算术
数学
工程类
生物
作者
Rinish Reddy Vaidyula,Mai H. Nguyen,Jason A. Weeks,Yixian Wang,Ziqing Wang,Kenta Kawashima,Austin G. Paul‐Orecchio,Hugo Celio,Andrei Dolocan,Graeme Henkelman,C. Buddie Mullins
标识
DOI:10.1002/adma.202312508
摘要
Abstract Sodium foil, promising for high‐energy‐density batteries, faces reversibility challenges due to its inherent reactivity and unstable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer. In this study, we achieve a stable sodium metal battery by tuning the electrolyte solvation structure through the addition of co‐solvent 2‐methyl tetrahydrofuran (MTHF) to diglyme (Dig). The introduction of cyclic ether‐based MTHF results in increased anion incorporation in the solvation structure, even at lower salt concentrations. Specifically, the anion stabilization capabilities of the environmentally sustainable MTHF co‐solvent lead to a contact‐ion pair‐based solvation structure. Time‐of‐flight mass spectroscopy analysis reveals that a shift toward an anion‐dominated solvation structure promotes the formation of a thin and uniform SEI layer. Consequently, employing a NaPF6‐based electrolyte with a Dig:MTHF ratio of 50% (v/v) binary solvent yields an average Coulombic efficiency of 99.72% for 300 cycles in Cu||Na cell cycling. Remarkably, at a C/2 cycling rate, Na||Na symmetric cell cycling demonstrates ultra‐long‐term stability exceeding 7000 hours, and full cells with Na0.44MnO2 as a cathode retain 80% of their capacity after 500 cycles. This study systematically examines solvation structure, SEI layer composition, and electrochemical cycling, emphasizing the significance of MTHF‐based binary solvent mixtures for high‐performance sodium metal batteries. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
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