医学
产科
子宫内膜异位症
优势比
奇偶性(物理)
置信区间
逻辑回归
盆腔疼痛
妇科
队列研究
尿失禁
外科
内科学
物理
粒子物理学
作者
Ellen Aagaard Nøhr,Katja A Taastrøm,Anne Cathrine M Kjeldsen,Chunsen Wu,F. H. Pedersen,Wendy J. Brown,Deborah Davis
摘要
Abstract Background Although gynecological health issues are common and cause considerable distress, little is known about their causes. We examined how birth history is associated with urinary incontinence (UI), severe period pain, heavy periods, and endometriosis. Methods We studied 7700 women in the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health with an average follow‐up of 10.9 years after their last birth. Surveys every third year provided information about birth history and gynecological health. Logistic regression was used to estimate how parity, mode of birth, and vaginal tears were associated with gynecological health issues. Presented results are adjusted odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals. Results UI was reported by 16%, heavy periods by 31%, severe period pain by 28%, and endometriosis by 4%. Compared with women with two children, nonparous women had less UI (OR 0.35 [0.26–0.47]) but tended to have more endometriosis (OR 1.70 [0.97–2.96]). Also, women with only one child had less UI (OR 0.77 [0.61–0.98]), but more severe period pain (OR 1.24 [1.01–1.51]). Women with 4+ children had more heavy periods (OR 1.42 [1.07–1.88]). Compared with women with vaginal birth(s) only, women with only cesarean sections or vaginal birth after cesarean section had less UI (ORs 0.44 [0.34–0.58] and 0.55 [0.40–0.76]), but more endometriosis (ORs 1.91 [1.16–3.16] and 2.31 [1.25–4.28]) and heavy periods (ORs 1.21 [1.00–1.46] and 1.35 [1.06–1.72]). Vaginal tear(s) did not increase UI after accounting for parity and birth mode. Conclusion While women with vaginal childbirth(s) reported more urinary incontinence, they had less menstrual complaints and endometriosis.
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