Nanoporous BODIPY-Based Cationic Porous Organic Polymer Composites as Photocontrolled NO-Releasing Platforms for Wound Healing and Antimicrobial Applications

Here, an intelligent theranostic therapeutic platform based on a nanoporous ionic porous organic polymer (POP) hybrid (BG-SNP) endowed with photodriven nitric oxide (NO) release capacity was facilely fabricated as a four-mode synergistic antimicrobial agent. The BG-SNP nanoporous composite incorporated the motifs of guanidinium, BODIPY, and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and, concurrently, could realize the combinational photothermal, photodynamic, cationic, and NO gas antibacterial therapy. This specific hybrid is constructed by in situ ion exchange, in which the negatively charged nitroprusside anion was bonded with the positively charged POP, forming a composite with controllable carbon monoxide generation behavior. Both the release amount and speed are highly controlled in response to photoirradiation. Upon laser irradiation (638 nm, 1.0 W cm–2) for 10 min, a BG-SNP nanoporous composite (250 μg mL–1) could rapidly generate massive quantities of NO, exerting a multimode synergistic antibacterial effect with bacteria killing >99% toward both the Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Meanwhile, BG-SNP featured good biosafety according to blood and cell compatibility experiments. In vivo open-wound-healing assay revealed that the BG-SNP nanoporous composite also featured enhanced antibacterial and antiinflammatory capabilities in the infected wounds, thereby prominently accelerating the regeneration of skin tissue and closure of wounds. This unique "all-in-one" POP composite provides a safe but reliable multimode synergistic antibacterial strategy for the rapid repair of infected wounds.