In vitroBioimaging of Fluorescent Nanodiamonds

Bioimaging allows researchers not only to observe biological processes in cells and organisms but also to track molecules or cells in real time and in three dimensions for disease diagnosis and therapy. In the twenty-first century, scholars developed various kinds of fluorescent nanoparticles for bioimaging, including dye-doped nanospheres, quantum dots, metallic nanoclusters, carbon-based nanoparticles, and polymeric nanoparticles. Advancements in biological imaging technology have helped shed light on life's most crucial processes. Fluorescent nanodiamond (FND)-based technology is in synchronicity with existing modern imaging modalities. This chapter discusses a broad range of FND-based bioimaging technologies, including multiphoton excitation, super-resolution, cathodoluminescence, and magnetic resonance imaging. Before going into the details of this topic, the reader may choose to review several fundamental concepts, such as important spectral aspects of diamond color centers and optical properties of NV 0 , negative nitrogen-vacancy, and H 3 .