Climate Change in the Arctic

Chapter 3 Climate Change in the Arctic Edward Hanna, Edward Hanna School of Geography and Lincoln Centre for Water and Planetary Health, University of Lincoln, , Lincoln, LN6 7TS UKSearch for more papers by this authorJoseph E. Nolan, Joseph E. Nolan European Polar Board, 2593 CE The Hague, The NetherlandsSearch for more papers by this authorJames E. Overland, James E. Overland NOAA/Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, Seattle, WA 98115 USASearch for more papers by this authorRichard J. Hall, Richard J. Hall School of Geographical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1SS UKSearch for more papers by this author Edward Hanna, Edward Hanna School of Geography and Lincoln Centre for Water and Planetary Health, University of Lincoln, , Lincoln, LN6 7TS UKSearch for more papers by this authorJoseph E. Nolan, Joseph E. Nolan European Polar Board, 2593 CE The Hague, The NetherlandsSearch for more papers by this authorJames E. Overland, James E. Overland NOAA/Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, Seattle, WA 98115 USASearch for more papers by this authorRichard J. Hall, Richard J. Hall School of Geographical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1SS UKSearch for more papers by this author Book Editor(s):David N. Thomas, David N. Thomas University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FinlandSearch for more papers by this author First published: 18 December 2020 https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118846582.ch3Citations: 2 AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Summary The Arctic has become increasingly prominent as having experienced some of the most rapid global warming and resulting impacts over the last 2–3 decades. Currently, many datasets are available for analyzing Arctic climate change. There are also numerous satellite data products available that document surface temperature, sea-ice changes, and many other meteorological and surface variables. A feedback is an amplifying or dampening process that either enhances or dampens an initial change: an example of the latter is Arctic amplification in response to global warming. The surface waters of the Arctic Ocean are characterized by a cold, shallow, relatively fresh layer, known as the Polar Mixed Layer (PML), overlying a high-gradient halocline at about 50–200m depth. Due to the thermal inertia of the oceans, sea-ice seasons lag behind the atmosphere's seasonal heating–cooling cycle by about two months, meaning that Arctic sea ice reaches its maximum coverage each year in March (September). Citing Literature Arctic Ecology RelatedInformation