Amorphous lanthanide complexes for organic luminescent materials

Amorphization of luminescent lanthanide complexes leads to the development of organic optical materials for lighting, display, and sensor applications. In this review, amorphous lanthanide complexes for luminescent organic optical materials are introduced. This review has consisted of two sections, 1) classification of amorphous lanthanide complexes and 2) introduction of specific molecular structures for amorphous lanthanide complexes. Various types of amorphous lanthanide complexes attached with flexible polymers, specific substituent groups, amorphous lanthanide organic frameworks, phase-transition lanthanide coordination polymers, and nano-sized lanthanide aggregates are demonstrated. Luminescent amorphous lanthanide complexes open up the future application using optical molecular materials.