Progress of graphite carbon nitride with different dimensions in the photocatalytic degradation of dyes: A review

The increasing environment pollution is an urgent problem to be solved. Photocatalytic technology has potential application in environmental governance because of its low-cost, environmental friendliness, high efficiency, and high selectivity. Among the many photocatalyst materials available, graphite carbon nitride (g-C3N4) has been highlighted because of its high stability, nontoxicity, high adsorption capacity, and good photochemical properties for wasterwater treatment. However, few review reports have used g-C3N4 of different nanomaterial dimensions (0D, 1D, 2D, and 3D) with excellent electron transport, light absorption range, and large specific surface area in dye degradation. This review summarizes the following: the use of solar energy as the driving force of the photocatalysts as a starting point, the factors affecting photocatalytic performance in the preparation process, and the catalytic mechanism of the photocatalytic degradation of dyes. Moreover, this review discusses the practical applications of 0D, 1D, 2D, and 3D photocatalytic materials of g-C3N4 in the degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB), methylene blue (MB), and methyl orange (MO). Finally, the problems and challenges in the application of photocatalysts are discussed.