INTRODUCTION 531 SPORE FOR/elATION AND STRUCTURE 532 SPORE GERMINATION 535 GERMINATION GENES AND THEIR ANALYSIS 538 Characteriization of Mutants 538 Genes Involved in the L-alanine Germination Pathway 540 Genes Involved in the Alternative (AGFK) Pathway 542 Genes Common to Both Germination Pathways 543 Genes lnvolved in Spore Structure 544 Spore Mum’ants Constructed by Reverse Genetics 545 MODELS O1:’ SPORE GERMINATION 546 CONCLUSIONS 548