Predictors of seizure control in patients with cerebral arteriovenous malformation

We aimed to define the predictors of a 2-year seizure-free outcome among patients with cerebral arteriovenous malformation (AVM).A retrospective cohort study recruited patients diagnosed with AVM admitted in the hospital between 2002 and 2020. The demographic data, clinical presentations, seizure semiology, neuro-imaging findings, modality of treatment, and clinical outcomes were compared between the 2-year seizure-free and non-2-year seizure-free groups. A logistic regression model was applied to determine the significant predictors of a 2-year seizure-free outcome.Of 372 radiologically confirmed patients with cerebral AVM, 105 (28.23%) experienced seizure and a 2-year seizure-free outcome was achieved in 76.19%. Most seizures presented as the initial symptom. Generalized onset seizure was the most common seizure semiology. A nidus diameter < 3 cm (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 3.102; 95% CI 1.129-9.683; p = 0.046) was the independent predictor of a 2-year seizure-free period, whereas underlying epilepsy (aOR 0.141; 95% CI 0.010-0.688; p = 0.015) was an independent predictor against a 2-year seizure-free outcome.A nidus diameter < 3 cm was the independent predictor of a 2-year seizure-free outcome, whereas underlying epilepsy was the factor against a 2-year seizure-free outcome.