Fullerene‐C60/NH2: A recyclable heterogeneous catalyst for the green synthesis of chromene and pyrimidine derivatives and antibacterial evaluation

Abstract An effective procedure for the synthesis of amino‐functionalized fullerene with diethylenetriamine (C 60 ‐NH 2 ) is described. The obtained material was characterized by Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, elemental analysis, thermogravimetric measurements, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The catalytic activity of C 60 ‐NH 2 was studied in multicomponent reactions for the synthesis of chromene and pyrimidine derivatives. The results revealed that C 60 ‐NH 2 was very effective and the desired chromene and pyrimidine products were isolated in good to excellent yields 78%–97% and 81%–98%, respectively. Moreover, the C 60 ‐NH 2 catalyst could be recycled and reused for at least eight runs without substantial loss in its activity, which makes our procedure environmentally benign. Antibacterial behavior of some of the synthesized products was studied against Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacteria using disk and well diffusion methods. The chromene 4g showed a good antibacterial activity against both bacterial strains Staphylococcus aureus and Serratia marcescens . A good antibacterial activity was also detected for chromene 4o and pyrimidine 7j against S. aureus . The chromene 4m , 4n and pyrimidine 7i compounds displayed a good activity against Micrococcus luteus as a Gram‐positive bacterium.