Quercetin regulates vascular endothelium function in chronic renal failure via modulation of Eph/Cav‐1 signaling

Abstract Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is frequently believed to be the best vascular access for chronic renal failure (CRF) patients. Vascular endothelial cell dysfunction has been implicated in AVF maturation. Quercetin (Quer) is a natural polyphenolic compound widely used in traditional Chinese medicine. We aimed to uncover the impacts of Quer on vascular endothelial cells in a CRF rat model and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and serum from rat with CRF. Blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine levels were tested in CRF rat model after administration of Quer. H&E staining was used to estimate endothelial damage. Nitric oxide (NO), endothelial NO synthase (eNOS), EPH receptor B4 (EphB4), EphrinB2, and p‐caveolin‐1 (p‐Cav‐1) levels in the serum were examined by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Western blot was employed to analyze the expressions of eNOS, phosphorylated (p)‐eNOS, EphB4, and Cav‐1 in arterial tissues and HUVECs. Cell counting kit‐8 was applied for assessing cell proliferation. TUNEL (terminal‐deoxynucleotidyl transferase‐mediated nick end labeling) assay was employed to estimate cell apoptosis. Results showed that Quer ameliorated renal function impairment and endothelial injury in vivo. Meanwhile, Quer boosted the proliferation and suppressed the apoptosis of HUVECs stimulated by LPS and serum from rat with CRF. Additionally, Quer elevated NO and eNOS levels, upregulated p‐eNOS expression but downregulated EphB4, EphrinB2, and p‐Cav‐1 expressions. Moreover, EphB4 inhibitor had the similar effect as Quer treatment in HUVECs stimulated by LPS and serum from rat with CRF. Collectively, Quer might effectively regulate vascular function to prevent AVF failure in CRF via modulation of Eph/Cav‐1 signaling.