Hypoglycemic effects of a new heteropolysaccharide from common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) seeds in type 2 diabetes mellitus mice via modulating gut microbiota

Type 2 diabetes poses significant health issues worldwide; however, relatively few effective treatment strategies are currently available. This research seeks to explore the potential hypoglycemic impact of compounds derived from common bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.) by structurally characterizing a new type of heteropolysaccharide (CIE2-F) and evaluating its hypoglycemic effects in a murine model. CIE2-F primarily comprises 10 monosaccharides , Mw : 9.25 × 10 5 Da. The polysaccharide exhibited significant anti-obesity effects, alleviated pathological liver damage, and reduced hyperglycemia . In addition, the polysaccharide mitigated insulin resistance and regulated dyslipidemia by increasing serum HDL-C and reducing LDL-C, total cholesterol , and triglycerides in diabetic mice. Furthermore, 16S rRNA sequencing revealed that CIE2-F enriched beneficial gut microbiota , including Akkermansia and Verrucomicrobia , while decreasing pathogenic bacteria. • A novel heteropolysaccharide (CIE2-F) was purified from common bean seeds. • CIE2-F exhibited anti-obesity effects and alleviated liver damage in diabetic mice. • CIE2-F alleviated hyperglycemia and insulin resistance in the type 2 diabetes mice. • CIE2-F can enrich beneficial gut bacteria and reduce pathogenic bacteria. • Common bean may be a potential functional food resource with hypoglycemic activity.