Pigment epithelium‑derived factor inhibits proliferation, invasion and angiogenesis, and induces ferroptosis of extravillous trophoblasts by targeting Wnt‑β‑catenin/VEGF signaling  in placenta accreta spectrum.

Placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) is one of the most dangerous complications in obstetrics, which can lead to severe postpartum bleeding and shock, and even necessitate uterine removal. The abnormal migration and invasion of extravillous trophoblast cells (EVTs) and enhanced neovascularization occurring in an uncontrolled manner in time and space are closely related to the abnormal expression of pro‑angiogenic and anti‑angiogenic factors. The pigment epithelium‑derived factor (PEDF) is a multifunctional regulatory factor that participates in several important biological processes and is recognized as the most efficient inhibitor of angiogenesis. The present study aimed to explore the effects of PEDF on EVT phenotypes and the underlying mechanisms in PAS. HTR‑8/SVneo cells were transfected to overexpress or knock down PEDF. Cell proliferation and invasion were assessed using Cell Counting Kit‑8, 5‑ethynyl‑2'‑deoxyuridine and Transwell assays.