Complementary Mixture-of-Experts and Complementary Cross-Attention for Single Image Reflection Separation in the Wild

Single Image Reflection Separation (SIRS) aims to reconstruct both the transmitted and reflected images from a single image that contains a superimposition of both, captured through a glass-like reflective surface. Recent learning-based methods of SIRS have significantly improved performance on typical images with mild reflection artifacts; however, they often struggle with diverse images containing challenging reflections captured in the wild. In this paper, we propose a universal SIRS framework based on a flexible dual-stream architecture, capable of handling diverse reflection artifacts. Specifically, we incorporate a Mixture-of-Experts mechanism that dynamically assigns specialized experts to image patches based on spatially heterogeneous reflection characteristics. The assigned experts then cooperate to extract complementary features between the transmission and reflection streams in an adaptive manner. In addition, we leverage the multi-head attention mechanism of Transformers to simultaneously exploit both high and low cross-correlations, which are then complementarily used to facilitate adaptive inter-stream feature interactions. Experimental results evaluated on diverse real-world datasets demonstrate that the proposed method significantly outperforms existing state-of-the-art methods qualitatively and quantitatively.