Objective To compare and analyze the clinical effects of laparoscopy and open surgery for localized prostate cancer. Methods 52 patients with localized prostate cancer respectively received laparoscopy( laparoscopy group,n = 28) and open surgery( open surgery group,n = 24). Surgical situation,complications and postoperative recovery of the 2 groups were compared. Results The perioperative bleeding,draining time,evacuation time,activity time,hospitalization time,PSA level of postoperative in the 1st week,and pain in the laparoscopy group were significant better than those of the open surgery group( P 0. 05). The hypoproteinemia and infection of incisional wound in the laparoscopy group were lower than those of the open surgery group( P 0. 05). However,there had no significant differences in operation time and complications between the 2 groups. Conclusion Compared to open surgery,the laparoscopy for localized prostate cancer is effective and safe with minimal pain and early recovery,it can be preferred method to treat localized prostate cancer.