To explore the correlation between glomerular filtration rate(GFR) and serum cystatin C in patients with chronic kidney disease(CKD).The serum cystatin C levels in 340 patients with CKD and 60 health controls were determined by particles enhance turbidimetric immune analysis.The GFR was calculated by the simplified equation derived from the modification of diet in renal disease study(MDRD).The results showed that the GFR was significant negatively correlated with cystatin C and SCr(P0.01) and cystatin C had a stronger correlations with GFR.There was significant statistical difference between cystatin C and SCr(P0.05).The reflect glomerular filtration function of cystatin C was more accurately than that SCr,it may be useful for the early diagnosis of GFR function in the patients with chronic kidney disease.