组织蛋白酶G
弹性蛋白酶
中性粒细胞弹性蛋白酶
明胶酶
组织蛋白酶
化学
蛋白酶3
基质金属蛋白酶
分子生物学
血管生成
细胞外基质
细胞生物学
癌症研究
炎症
生物
生物化学
胰弹性蛋白酶
免疫学
酶
髓过氧化物酶
作者
Peter Shamamian,Jess D. Schwartz,Ben J.Z. Pocock,Sara Monea,David Whiting,Stuart G. Marcus,Paolo Mignatti
摘要
Abstract Gelatinase A (MMP‐2), a matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) involved in tumor invasion and angiogenesis, is secreted as an inactive zymogen (proMMP‐2) and activated by proteolytic cleavage. Here we report that polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN)‐derived elastase, cathepsin G, and proteinase‐3 activate proMMP‐2 through a mechanism that requires membrane‐type 1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1‐MMP) expression. Immunoprecipitation of human PMN‐conditioned medium with a mixture of antibodies to elastase, cathepsin G, and proteinase‐3 abolished proMMP‐2 activation, whereas individual antibodies were ineffective. Incubation of HT1080 cells with either purified PMN elastase or cathepsin G or proteinase‐3 resulted in dose‐and time‐dependent proMMP‐2 activation. Addition of PMN‐conditioned medium to MT1‐MMP expressing cells resulted in increased proMMP‐2 activation and in vitro invasion of extracellular matrix (ECM), but had no effect with cells that express no MT1‐MMP. MMP‐2 activation by PMN‐conditioned medium or purified elastase was blocked by the elastase inhibitor α 1 ‐antitrypsin but not by Batimastat, an MMP inhibitor, showing that elastase activation of MMP‐2 is not mediated by MMP activities. The PMN‐conditioned medium‐induced increase in cell invasion was blocked by Batimastat as well as by α 1 ‐antitrypsin, showing that PMN serine proteinases trigger a proteinase cascade that entails proMMP‐2 activation: this gelatinase is the downstream effector of the proinvasive activity of PMN proteinases. These findings indicate a novel role for PMN‐mediated inflammation in a variety of tissue remodeling processes including tumor invasion and angiogenesis. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
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