3D打印
脚手架
制作
智能材料
3d打印
计算机科学
纳米技术
三维打印
生物医学工程
材料科学
工程类
机械工程
医学
替代医学
病理
作者
Fatemeh Kabirian,Petra Mela,Ruth Heying
标识
DOI:10.3389/fbioe.2022.873453
摘要
Smart materials are able to react to different stimuli and adapt their shape to the environment. Although the development of 3D printing technology increased the reproducibility and accuracy of scaffold fabrication, 3D printed scaffolds can still be further improved to resemble the native anatomy. 4D printing is an innovative fabrication approach combining 3D printing and smart materials, also known as stimuli-responsive materials. Especially for cardiovascular implants, 4D printing can promisingly create programmable, adaptable prostheses, which facilitates implantation and/or create the topology of the target tissue post implantation. In this review, the principles of 4D printing with a focus on the applied stimuli are explained and the underlying 3D printing technologies are presented. Then, according to the type of stimulus, recent applications of 4D printing in constructing smart cardiovascular implants and future perspectives are discussed.
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