Periodic Direct Current Does Not Promote Wound Closure in an In Vitro Dynamic Model of Cell Migration

Abstract Background and Purpose. A prevailing paradigm is that electrical fields can promote cell migration and tissue healing. To further validate this paradigm, we tested the hypothesis that periodic direct current (DC) can enhance wound closure using an in vitro dynamic model of cell migration. Methods and Results. Layers of primary fibroblasts were wounded and treated with DC under various voltages. Repair area, cell velocity, and directionality as well as lamellipodium area were evaluated at different times. Direct current had no beneficial effect on cell migration. Moreover, prolonged stimulation under the highest voltage led to significant reduction in wound closure and cell velocity. The reduction of membrane protusions in stimulated cells may be associated with the deleterious effect of DC. Discussion and Conclusion. Contrary to the authors’ expectations, they found that periodic DC did not promote wound closure, a finding that emphasizes the need to clarify the complex effects of electrical fields on migrating cells. [Godbout C, Frenette J. Periodic direct current does not promote wound closure in an in vitro dynamic model of cell migration. Phys Ther. 2006;86:50–65.]