Long-Term Outcomes of the Minimal Skin Incision Technique for Correcting Severe Microform and Minor-Form Cleft Lip With Philtrum Reconstruction Through the Intraoral Incision

Background: Because the traditional technique is known to cause visible scarring, it is challenging to yield optimal outcomes while treating a severe type of microform and minor-form cleft lip. The authors present a new refined technique with minimal skin incision and philtrum formation through an intraoral incision. Methods: The surgical technique involves single Z-plasty or double or triple unilimb Z-plasty to restore an elevated cupid's bow peak and overlapping of an orbicularis oris muscle flap to create the philtrum through an intraoral incision. Cleft lip nasal deformity was corrected with reverse-U incision and V-Y plasty. Results: Eighteen patients were operated between September 2008 and June 2017. Patient age at the time of surgery ranged from 3 to 12 months. The duration of follow-up ranged from 12 months to 7 years (mean, 36 months). The elevated cupid's bow was corrected by performing single Z-plasty in 6 patients, double unilimb Z-plasty in 7 patients, and triple unilimb Z-plasty in 5 patients. In all cases, the notch or elevated cupid's bow was corrected, the surgical scar was minimal, and philtrum reconstruction was satisfactory. Minor scar revision was performed in 4 patients. Cleft lip nasal deformity was corrected in fifteen patients. Conclusions: The technique adopted here causes minimal scarring, facilitates the formation of an anatomical philtrum, preserves the continuity and function of the muscle, and presents sufficient elevation of the philtral column.