注意
前额叶腹内侧皮质
心理学
自我控制
行为改变
眶额皮质
估价(财务)
强化学习
认知
前额叶皮质
认知心理学
社会心理学
杠杆(统计)
计算机科学
神经科学
经济
人工智能
心理治疗师
机器学习
财务
作者
Vera U. Ludwig,Kirk Warren Brown,Judson A. Brewer
标识
DOI:10.1177/1745691620931460
摘要
To reach longer-term goals and live aligned with their values, people typically must regulate their behavior. Effortful self-control is one way to achieve this and is usually framed as a forceful struggle between lower-level impulses and higher-level cognitive control processes. For example, people may restrain themselves from eating cake in order to lose weight. An alternative avenue of self-regulation draws on autonomous motivation: Individuals eat healthfully because it is values-congruent or intrinsically satisfying. Recent advances in the understanding of reward valuation on a neural level (e.g., ventromedial prefrontal cortex/orbitofrontal cortex) and emerging treatments on a clinical level (e.g., mindfulness training) suggest a possible mechanistic convergence between brain and behavior that is consistent with a shift from forced to unforced behavior change. Here we propose how an overlooked aspect of reinforcement learning can be leveraged using a simple yet critical feature of experience that is not reliant on willpower: Bringing awareness to one’s subjective experience and behavior can produce a change in valuation of learned but unhealthy behaviors, leading to self-regulatory shifts that result in sustainable behavior change without force.
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