A comprehensive review of different types of solar photovoltaic cells and their applications

Solar photovoltaic (PV) systems play an important role for electricity production using solar energy. Underdeveloped or developing nations still strive for constant supply of electricity. When fossil fuel is used for electricity generation, it leads to an increase in pollutants and greenhouse gases. This is creating environmental problems. Further global energy demand can be met out by using various solar energy technologies, can also save the earth from global issues and at the same time can also help to reduce pollution. PV systems are installed in remote areas where peoples do not have access to electricity. A number of initiatives have been taken by many government agencies to encourage the usage of solar energy technology for electricity production. This paper reviews the advancement made in the previous years in the field of monocrystalline, polycrystalline and thin-film PV and perovskite solar cell. This paper provides a general understanding of power generation using PV systems and discusses early research of the PV cell.