神经炎症
小胶质细胞
旁分泌信号
神经科学
自分泌信号
医学
中枢神经系统
疾病
肿瘤坏死因子α
神经免疫学
细胞因子
机制(生物学)
免疫学
促炎细胞因子
炎症
信号转导
免疫系统
星形胶质细胞
生物信息学
作者
Fumei Zhang,Wenren Yang,Rong Sun,Xiaoyu Duan,Y -J Yang,Aiping Wang,Ying Tian
标识
DOI:10.1177/15230864251401591
摘要
Neuroinflammation contributes to the onset and progression of a variety of central nervous system (CNS) diseases, including ischemic stroke, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, intracerebral hemorrhage, and neurodevelopmental disorders related diseases. Microglia are essential for the neurodevelopment of a healthy brain and the integrity of the blood–brain barrier. Activation of microglia is the brain’s defense mechanism against damaged tissues and harmful pathogens. However, their activation can trigger neuroinflammation, which can exacerbate or induce damage to the CNS. Cytokines are small proteins that can act in either an autocrine or paracrine manner. Cytokines are highly expressed in microglia and are potential mediators of neuroinflammation. We review the recent research progress on the role of cytokines such as interleukin-1 (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α , IL-6, IL-4, and transforming growth factor-β in regulating neuroinflammation in various CNS diseases. Understanding how these cytokines affect microglia-mediated neuroinflammation will provide important therapeutic insights for preventing and managing CNS dysfunction, with potential clinical relevance for developing targeted anti-inflammatory therapies and biomarker-based diagnostic strategies. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 44, 311–331.
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