Recent advances in MXene nanozymes: synthesis, surface modifications, catalytic properties, and their emerging roles in biosensing and therapeutic applications

, nitrides, oxynitrides) and catalytic functions, MXene nanozymes are poised to transform nanomedicine, offering early diagnostics and targeted therapies. This review underscores the importance of MXene nanozymes from fundamental research to clinical impact, outlining a roadmap for future advancements in this rapidly evolving field.