Multimetallic transition metal complexes:Luminescent probes for biomolecule sensing, ion detection, imaging and therapeutic application

In the past decade, luminescent multimetallic transition metal complexes have become indispensable tools in biology. They enable versatile applications, detecting biomolecules, staining cells, and aiding therapeutics. These adaptable probes offer sensitive and selective luminogenic sensing of amino acids, proteins, DNA, RNA, and DNAase. Additionally, they excel in detecting various chemical entities, including sulfur-containing species, reactive nitrogen species, hypochlorous acid, and ions, facilitating investigations into oxidative stress and pathophysiology. They also detect carbon monoxide, shedding light on its physiological roles and therapeutic potential. These complexes play pivotal roles in luminescent pH and oxygen sensing, guiding drug delivery and monitoring cellular microenvironments. They serve as temperature sensors, with implications for physiological monitoring and therapy optimization. Beyond sensing, these complexes are essential in bacterial imaging, addressing antimicrobial challenges, and cellular imaging, offering insights into cellular processes and anticancer therapies. They contribute to photodynamic therapy for precise cell disruption. These remarkable compounds, spanning a spectrum of transition metals, including Rhenium(I), Ruthenium(II), Osmium(II), Cobalt(III), Rhenium(III), Iridium(III), Nickel(II), Palladium(II), Platinum(II), and Gold(I), are at the forefront of scientific advancement. They are crucial in expanding our scientific knowledge and practical applications in both the fields of science and medicine, paving the way for future innovations.