A Review on the Effective Implications of Plant-generated Polyphenols as Novel Therapeutic Agents against Neurodegenerative Diseases

Various neurodegenerative diseases have become a serious threat to human health all around the world. The progressive loss of functionality of active neurons causes neurodegenerative disease. Current research suggests that plant-derived foods, such as fruits and vegetables, are a good source of natural polyphenols, which can be effective in reducing the risk factors of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), Huntington’s disease (HD), etc. These polyphenols exhibit cognitive repair and can reduce the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) to establish neuroprotection. Various animal models were developed to understand the neuromodulatory and therapeutic activities of polyphenols for the treatment of AD, PD, HD, etc. Moreover, polyphenols indirectly modulate the gut microbiome to generate neuroprotection. Although there is a disadvantage to the low oral bioavailability of these polyphenols, the conjugation can enhance the efficiency of these compounds with nanoparticles. The present review gives an outline of plant-generated polyphenols and highlights their effects in the treatment of various neurodegenerative diseases. As a result, the prevention of aging-related disorders through natural products certainly shows excellent therapeutic efficiency soon. For this study, various reviews as well as original research articles from PubMed describing the possible therapeutic effects of dietary polyphenols to cure neurodegenerative diseases are used.