DNA profiling, nutritional value and phytochemical investigation of Cissus rotundifolia Lam. growing in Yemen

Cissus rotundifolia Lam. (Vitaceae) is a wild plant that is commonly used as food and medicine. There are limited studies on the phytochemical composition of this plant. So, this study aims to investigate C. rotundifolia growing in Yemen phytochemically. HPLC analysis of C. rotundifolia aerial parts led to the identification and quantification of four compounds (isoorientin, quercetrin, quercetin, and linarin), among which isoorientin and quercetrin were the major. Proximate analysis showed high fibre content and low moisture content, whereas the nutritional values showed a high carbohydrate content which gave rise to higher nutritional value (266.39 Kcal.). Potassium, calcium, iron, magnesium, and vitamin E were present in high concentrations. Investigation of the methylene chloride and n-butanol fractions lead to the isolation of seven compounds: β-sitosterol, magnificol, β-sitosterol-glucoside, quercetin, quercetrin, isoorientin, and linarin. This is the first report on isolating these compounds from the investigated plant.