Vinpocetine protects against osteoarthritis by inhibiting ferroptosis and extracellular matrix degradation via activation of the Nrf2/GPX4 pathway

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a progressive joint condition marked by the slow degradation of articular cartilage. Vinpocetine (Vin), a synthetic derivative of vincamine derived from the vinca plant, exhibits anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Nevertheless, the specific role and mechanism of Vin in the treatment of OA remain largely unexplored.