Synthesis of Crystalline Phosphine-Graphdiyne with Self-Adaptive p−π Conjugation

“Dynamic” behavior materials with high surface activity and the ability of chemical bond conversion are the frontier materials in the field of renewable energy. The outstanding feature of these materials is that they have adaptive electronic properties that external stimuli can adjust. An original discovery in a new crystalline two-dimensional phosphine-graphdiyne (P-GDY) material is described here. Although the p−π conjugation of most trivalent phosphorus π-systems is insignificant because of the pyramidal configuration, the lone pair electrons of phosphorus atoms participate strongly in the delocalization under the influence of the interlayer van der Waals forces in P-GDY. Due to the dynamically reversible nature of noncovalent interactions (p−π conjugation), P-GDY exhibits a specific adaptive behavior and realizes the responsive reversible transport of a lithium ion by regulating p−π interactions. Our findings would provide the potential to develop a new family of responsive materials with tunable structures.