Morphology and phase controlled synthesis of CsxWO3 powders by solvothermal method and their optical properties

In this work, the effects of processing parameters such as reaction solvent, autoclave rotating and Cs source on the morphology and microstructure of CsxWO3 products were investigated. The as-synthesized CsxWO3 samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and spectrophotometer. The results indicate that using ethanol as solvent is favorable for obtaining pure hexagonal Cs0.20WO3 or Cs0.30WO3 crystals. With the increase of water content in the reaction solution, some impurities such as WO3 and WO3(H2O)0.333 easily form due to the decrease of reducing atmosphere. The autoclave rotating during the reaction is very helpful for decreasing the particle size, but is not very favorable for forming rod-like hexagonal CsxWO3 to some extent. In addition, the reaction solvent, autoclave rotating and Cs source have great effects on the optical absorption of CsxWO3 products.