Laser-induced ash-deposited silicone rubber surfaces with synergistic micro/nanostructures for enhanced superhydrophobicity and anti-/de-icing performance

Superhydrophobic surfaces are commonly employed for anti-/de-icing and low ice adhesion. However, their practical applications are often limited by poor durability and the environmental concerns associated with fluorinated coatings. Herein, we fabricate a coating-free, ultra-durable superhydrophobic surface via laser texturing, where the in-situ deposited ash particles synergistically enhance anti-/de-icing performance. The results demonstrate a water contact angle of up to 161.5°, with the surface retaining its superhydrophobicity even after rigorous tests, including 5000 g sand impact and 30 freeze-thaw cycles. After 40 min of reciprocal friction, the environmental adaptability of the surface far exceeded that of other specimen surfaces. Anti-/de-icing tests reveal a significantly prolonged water droplet freezing delay time (2757 s) and an ultralow ice adhesion strength (3.4 KPa). Moreover, the laser-generated ash microparticles adhere to the silicone rubber surface, synergizing with the hierarchical micro/nanostructures to significantly enhance both superhydrophobicity and icephobicity. This strategy offers a robust, eco-friendly, and scalable solution with broad application potential. • Coating-free superhydrophobicity via intrinsic chemical modification, no extra coatings needed. • Laser treatment enhances ash adhesion on silicone rubber, enabling long-lasting superhydrophobicity. • Synergistic static anti-icing and dynamic de-icing performance. • Exhibits excellent mechanical wear resistance.