[Advances in Diagnosis and Treatment of Leptomeningeal Metastasis of Lung Cancer].

Leptomeningeal metastases (LM), a special type of metastasis in advanced lung cancer, is known for its severe clinical symptoms, rapid progression and poor prognosis. LM used to be featured with low clinical diagnosis rate, limited treatment options, poor treatment efficacy, and very short survival if treatment not given. Though cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytology remains to be the gold standard for the diagnosis of LM, the positive rate of the first CSF cytology even in patients with suggestive clinical symptoms and positive imaging generally does not exceed 50%, leading to a delay in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with LM. With the progress of targeted therapy for driver gene-positive lung cancer and immunotherapy for driver gene-negative lung cancer, the overall survival of patients with lung cancer has been prolonged, meanwhile incidence of LM has been increasing year by year. Current clinical research in this field center around how to improve diagnosis rate and to find effective treatment approaches. This paper reviews advances in diagnosis and treatment of LM of lung cancer.. .【中文题目：肺癌脑膜转移癌诊疗的研究进展】 【中文摘要：脑膜转移癌（leptomeningeal metastases, LM）是晚期肺癌中进展迅速、预后差的常见并发症。脑膜转移癌临床诊断率低，治疗手段有限，疗效差，自然生存时间短。脑脊液细胞学作为诊断脑膜转移癌的金标准，但是目前临床症状及影像学阳性的患者脑脊液首次细胞病理学阳性诊断率一般不超过50%，导致脑膜转移癌患者的诊断延迟、治疗延误。随着驱动基因阳性肺癌靶向治疗、驱动基因阴性肺癌免疫治疗的进展，肺癌患者生存期延长，但是脑膜转移癌发病率逐年增加，如何提高诊断率、寻找有效的治疗手段是目前临床研究的热点。本文就肺癌脑膜转移癌诊断及治疗研究进展予以综述。 】 【中文关键词：脑膜转移癌；肺肿瘤；脑脊液细胞学；诊断；治疗】.