Aerodynamic and Aerostatic Performance of a Long-Span Bridge with Wide Single Box Girder Installed with Vertical and Horizontal Stabilizers

The continuous increase in traffic volume requires wider single box girders for long-span cable-supported bridges. Flutter and aerostatic instability are challenging issues for these flexible bridges, especially when they are located in typhoon-prone regions. Aerodynamic countermeasures such as vertical and horizontal stabilizers, which are convenient in operation, saving in cost, and effective in the enhancement of flutter performance, are usually employed to withstand the wind environment requirement. This study investigates the aerodynamic and aerostatic effects of upper central vertical stabilizers (UCVS), lower central vertical stabilizers (BCVS), horizontal stabilizers (HS), and their combinations on two wide single box girders with an aspect ratio larger than 12 at various angles of attack (AOAs). The optimal layouts of stabilizers for the enhancement of flutter performance are studied using a series of wind tunnel tests. Their control mechanisms are examined and discussed using flutter derivatives and step-by-step (SBS) method. A new index of nominal torsional center (NTC) is proposed to intuitively describe the flutter modality. The correlations among different indexes of flutter modality, flutter derivatives, and Ucr are further analyzed. The static coefficients of the bridge girders and the aerostatic performance of the bridge with or without stabilizers are also analyzed. Experiment results show that the values of Ucr for 4- and 5-m-high single box girders increased by 13.9% and 46.3%, respectively, after the hybrid installation of UCVS, BCVS, and HS at their optimal conditions. The analytical solutions indicate that the installation of different stabilizers changes the variation trend of the aerodynamic damping ratio with the wind speed to increase or reduce the flutter boundary. Four flutter modality indexes including amplitude ratio (Ψ), phase difference (ψ), energy participation level (Ph), and NTC are all found that have no obvious correlations with Ucr. The static analysis on a three-dimensional bridge showed that the optimal stabilizer schemes for flutter have insignificant effects on aerostatic performance.