Non-precious molybdenum nanospheres as a novel cocatalyst for full-spectrum-driven photocatalytic CO2 reforming to CH4

Photocatalytic CO2 reforming is considered to be an effective method for clean, low-cost, and environmentally friendly reduction and conversion of CO2 into hydrocarbon fuels by utilizing solar energy. However, the low separation efficiency of charge carriers and deficient reactive sites have severely hampered the efficiency of the photocatalytic CO2 reforming process. Therefore, cocatalysts are usually loaded onto the surface of semiconductor photocatalysts to reduce the recombination of charge carriers and accelerate the rates of surface reactions. Herein, molybdenum (Mo) nanospheres are proposed as a novel non-precious cocatalyst to enhance the photocatalytic CO2 reforming of g-C3N4 significantly. The Mo nanospheres boost the adsorption of CO2 and activate the surface CO2via a photothermal effect. The time-resolved fluorescence decay spectra reveals that the lifetime of photo-induced charge carriers is prolonged by the Mo nanospheres, which guarantees the migration of charge carriers from g-C3N4 to Mo nanospheres. Unexpectedly, Mo loaded g-C3N4 can effectively utilize a wide spectral range from UV to near-infrared region (NIR, up to 800 nm). These findings highlight the potential of Mo nanospheres as a novel cocatalyst for photocatalytic CO2 reforming to CH4.