[Advances in the research of clinical treatment of hyperpigmentation and hypopigmentation after burns].

Hyperpigmentation and hypopigmentation are complications commonly seen in burn patients after wound healing, which may have seriously adverse impact on the appearances of the patients. The change of skin color in the exposed areas such as the face and hands may cause great psychological burden on the patients. While the occurrence and development mechanisms of hyperpigmentation and hypopigmentation post burns are unclear, it is generally believed to be associated with excess or deficiency of melanin content in the epidermis. Therefore, the therapeutic strategies of hyperpigmentation or hypopigmentation are as follows: the former focuses on inhibiting the synthesis of melanin and reducing the content of melanin in the skin, while the latter can restore the normal skin color by improving the function of melanocytes to promote the synthesis of melanin. In recent years, the therapeutic technologies for abnormal melanin metabolism after burns have developed rapidly. In this paper, treatment strategies commonly used in clinical practice are summarized in terms of photoelectric therapies, drugs, and operations, aiming to provide references for the treatment of patients who suffer abnormal pigmentation after burns.色素沉着与色素脱失是烧伤患者创面愈合后的常见并发症，可严重影响患者外观，位于面部、双手等暴露部位的肤色改变，常给患者造成极大的心理负担。烧伤后色素沉着与色素脱失的发生发展机制尚不明确，一般认为与表皮中黑色素含量过多或缺失有关。因而在治疗上，前者侧重于抑制黑色素合成、减少皮肤黑色素含量，而后者则通过改善黑色素细胞功能、促进黑色素合成，进而恢复正常肤色。近年来，针对烧伤后皮肤色素代谢异常的治疗技术迅速发展，本文中笔者对临床常用的光电治疗、药物及手术治疗方案进行归纳总结，以期为此类患者的治疗提供参考。.