Brain and Heart Crosstalk During Neurointerventional Procedures: The Role of the Trigeminocardiac Reflex: An Updated Systematic Review

The trigeminocardiac reflex is a well-described brainstem reflex that clinically manifests as bradycardia, hypotension, or apnea. This physiological phenomenon is extensively reported during open neurosurgical procedures, but very few data exist for trigeminocardiac reflex occurrence during neurointerventional procedures. This systematic review aims to provide aggregated information related to the trigeminocardiac reflex during neurointerventional procedures and to improve understanding of the various mechanisms that can incite this unique brain-heart crosstalk.