Recent Progress of Electrospun Structural Nanofiber‐Based Sulfides/Selenides for Advanced Energy Storage and Conversion

Abstract Flexible electrospun carbon nanofibers/chalcogenides (CNFs/sulfides and selenides) composites have emerged as promising candidates for next‐generation energy storage and conversion applications. This review comprehensively discusses the recent advances of electrospun CNFs/sulfides and selenides‐based energy storage and conversion technologies, with special focus on the electrospinning equipment and assembly mechanisms. Groundbreaking strategies of artificial intelligence (AI)‐driven for optimization structure and properties of electrospun fibers, sulfides, and selenides are emphasized. Second, preparation methods are introduced for CNFs/sulfides and selenides, ranging from simple physical mixing to controlled surface functionalization, and extending to complex strongly coupled hybrid synthesis strategies. Additionally, from the perspective of microstructural design to atomic‐level modification, it highlights the facilitation of novel structure‐property relationships of CNFs/sulfides and selenides. Next, a few energy storage and conversion applications for the developed electrospun composites are shortlisted. Finally, the current challenges are summarized, and future directions are outlined to guide the application of CNFs/sulfides and selenides for energy storage and conversion.