Exosomes from Different Sources in Promoting Wound Healing

Exosomes are nanoscale extracellular vesicles with various biological activities that can accelerate wound healing by regulating inflammatory responses, promoting cell proliferation and angiogenesis, and other mechanisms. Among them, plant and animal exosomes have demonstrated unique advantages due to their biological characteristics. Plant exosomes have gradually become a research hotspot due to their wide source, high biosafety, and low production cost, demonstrating significant pro-healing potential. In addition, animal exosomes, especially human-derived stem cell exosomes, have shown excellent results in promoting wound repair and have become the focus of clinical research. This review explores the mechanism of action of these exosomes and their application prospects in wound healing, providing theoretical support for future research and clinical applications.