Eco-friendly extraction and recovery of triterpenoids from persimmon leaves (Diospyros kaki L.f.) using ultrasound-assisted deep eutectic solvents and macroporous resins

Triterpenoids are known for their promising biological activities, and there is a growing focus on green extraction methods for these compounds. In this study, ultrasound-assisted deep eutectic solvents were employed to extract triterpenoids from persimmon leaves, with choline chloride-lactic acid identified as an effective green solvent. The extraction conditions were carefully optimized using response surface methodology, resulting in an extraction efficiency of 12.41%, which is 1.54 times higher than that achieved with conventional organic solvents such as methanol. The triterpenoids were then successfully recovered using a solid-liquid extraction method based on AB-8 macroporous resins, achieving a 94.01% recovery rate with a final product triterpenoid content of 81.87%. These findings provide a strong foundation for the sustainable extraction of triterpenoids and other valuable compounds from biomass.