Various Synthetic Strategies to Prepare Metal-Organic Frameworks

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are the class of coordination polymer materials from branch of reticular chemistry with an excellent intrinsic property such as high surface area, porous structure with facile synthesis. MOFs have been utilized in various applications starting from catalysis to biomedical imaging due to their unique physicochemical properties. Development of diverse synthetic methods is crucial for the advancement of this field. Further, by introducing specific functionalities insitu/exsitu during MOFs synthesis could assist in achieving more biocompatibility and low cytotoxicity. In this chapter, we include the recent advancement in synthesis of MOFs comprising conventional methods such as hydrothermal/solvothermal method, sonochemical, electrochemical, micromechanical and microfluidic method. Examples consisting most commonly used organic linkers such as terephthalic acid and trimesic acid in conjunction with metal ions of Zn2+, Cu2+, Cr3+, Al3+, Fe3+ and Zr4+. The other widely studied zeolitic imadazole framework, ZIF-8 synthesis, is also discussed in detail.