Abstract Diamond-coated fibers, diamond tubes, and diamond fibers were produced using a hot-filament-assisted chemical vapor deposition process. Diamond coatings were deposited on prepared fiber substrates of silicon carbide, copper, tungsten, and copper-coated graphite. Diamond tubes were produced in situ as a result of the removal of the substrate by atomic hydrogen or after deposition by dissolving the substrate using a chemical etch. Diamond fibers in the shape of a half-cylinder were produced by masking a portion of the substrate fiber and removing the diamond after deposition. The diamond tubes and fibers that have been produced are typically 2–3 cm in length and are self-supporting structures.