Flavonoid aglycones and triterpenoids from the leaf exudate of Lantana camara and Lantana montevidensis

An ecosystem consists of various mechanisms such as physical, chemical, and biological mechanisms, out of which the biological mechanism is very peculiar and essential for every living organism on earth. In these biological mechanisms, the raw materials will be plants, human beings, and other living organisms, whose role is most important. An ecosystem also consists of terrestrial weeds such as Parthenium hysterophorus, Ageratum conyzoides, Lantana camara, etc. These weeds are called menacing weeds because of their adverse behavior toward other plant species. These weeds consist of allelopathic and phenolic characteristics, which affect other plants with germination and plant growth by spraying or releasing the biochemical in them. There are few studies on allelopathic plants and their effects on neighboring plants. Many studies have performed physical, traditional, and biological processes to eradicate these weeds. Still, all the methods had a few drawbacks such as noneconomical, not environmentally friendly, and neither environmentally friendly except biological processes. In this chapter, an encapsulated review has been done for examining the efficiency, toxicity, and viable option for converting terrestrial weeds into a value-added product through biological management technique composting in a circular bioeconomy. Composting is a biological process that breaks down organic compounds in the presence of oxygen, and fertilizer is the end product.