Shape-stabilized phase change materials of barium hydroxide octahydrate based on Cu‐coated melamine foam

Hydrated salt phase change materials (PCMs) have the advantages of high energy storage density and low cost, and have great application prospects in the field of phase change energy storage. However, the problems of supercooling, phase separation and leakage of hydrated salt PCMs limit their further applications. In this work, we designed and fabricated Cu-coated melamine foam (MF)/barium hydroxide octahydrate (BHO) shape-stabilized phase change materials (SSPCMs) with low supercooling. MF was used as supporting material and Cu as a nucleating agent and thermal conductivity enhancer by loading it onto MF via electroless plating. BHO was then encapsulated into the MF@Cu skeleton through vacuum impregnation to obtain BHO@MF@Cu SSPCMs. The results demonstrated that BHO@MF@Cu SSPCMs not only present very low supercooling degree of 0.12 °C and high thermal energy capacity of 247 J/g, but maintained a latent heat of phase transition of 229.3 J/g with little change in enthalpy after 100 thermal cycles. Moreover, compared to BHO, SSPCMs exhibited high thermal conductivity of 1.687 W m−1 K−1, excellent shape stability, and thermal cycling stability. In summary, BHO@MF@Cu SSPCMs with low supercooling degree were prepared by electroless plating and vacuum impregnation in this study, which provides a new strategy to reduce the supercooling degree of hydrated salt PCMs.