Socioeconomic factors and autism among 16- to 30-month-old children: Evidence from a national survey of China

社会经济地位 自闭症 民族 心理学 优势比 中国 置信区间 家庭收入 发展心理学 人口学 儿科 医学 人口 地理 环境卫生 人类学 经济 经济增长 社会学 考古 病理 内科学
作者
Muqing Cao,Li Li,Hein Raat,Amy van Grieken,Xin Wang,Li‐Zi Lin,Qiang Chen,Jing Jin
出处
期刊:Autism [SAGE Publishing]
卷期号:27 (5): 1283-1294 被引量:4
标识
DOI:10.1177/13623613221132743
摘要

We examined the association of socioeconomic status with the diagnosis of autism during 16–30 months of age. Using data from a national survey in China, we included 6049 children (55.6% male) in the final analysis, among which 71 of them were clinically diagnosed with autism. Adjusted for covariates, the odds ratios for having the diagnosis of autism (2.46, 95% confidence interval: [1.32, 4.59]) among children whose mother’s level is “junior middle school or below” were significantly higher than children whose mother’s level is “college or above.” Among children of lower educated mothers, there is a higher risk of being diagnosed with autism at a young age. We recommend more support for families with a low socioeconomic status to early detect, diagnose, and manage autism. Lay abstract Does being born in a family of high socioeconomic status mean a higher risk of being diagnosed with autism? The evidence from the Asian area is lacking. This research was conducted among 6049 toddlers who went through an evaluation–diagnose procedure of autism and whose parents were surveyed during the national survey of China, 2016–2017. Parents reported their education levels, occupations, family income, and ethnic background. We recruited the toddlers and parents from kindergartens, communities, and hospitals in five geographically representative areas of China. On average, these toddlers were 23 months of age. We found toddlers whose mothers had less than 9 years of education (junior middle school or below) had 2.46 times the chance to get a diagnosis of autism, compared with toddlers whose mothers had more than 15 years of education (college or above). We also found that 1.17 toddlers could be diagnosed with autism in each 100 Chinese toddlers. These findings have important implications for providing support to families that have low socioeconomic status, especially families with a mother who did not complete 9 years of education. Early detection programs focused on children from low socioeconomic backgrounds should be promoted.
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