吸入
杀虫剂
杀菌剂
吸入染毒
背景(考古学)
毒理
环境化学
参考剂量
每日可接受摄入量
阈值限值
风险评估
化学
医学
生物
麻醉
农学
古生物学
计算机安全
有机化学
计算机科学
作者
Jinjing Xiao,Ke Fang,Sidong Zhang,Siyuan Jiang,Tianhe Liu,Mengjiao Lv,Min Liao,Haiqun Cao,Yanhong Shi
摘要
Ambient air pollution caused by pesticide drift has received great attention. To accurately evaluate the health risk of inhaled pesticides, bioaccessibility should be considered. However, methods to reliably assess pesticide residues remain limited, hindering the precise estimation of exposure assessment. We aimed to optimize an in vitro method for the inhalation bioaccessibility (IBA) measurement of triazole fungicides and to incorporate this into inhalation exposure assessment during pesticide spraying.The IBA of triazole fungicides increased logarithmically with extraction duration, plateauing after 6 h. The frequency of agitation displayed a similar pattern, whereas the ratio of solid to liquid between 1/1500 and 1/250 was considerably negatively associated. The predicted values (35.9-53.5%) for IBA based on optimized methodological parameters determined using a response surface methodology showed an acceptable deviation from experimental values (30.7-50.8%), suggesting feasibility for in vitro IBA measurement. Incorporating IBA into calculations of inhalation exposure amount (IE) yielded a value of 8.5 × 10-7 -2.1 × 10-5 mg kg-1 day-1 , a 50-68% reduction compared to IE based on total amount. Additionally, the safety exposure threshold was determined for triazole fungicides using benchmark dose modelling of data from lung A549 cell proliferation toxicity assays, and in this context, margin of exposure (MOE) values were calculated to be within an acceptable level.This in vitro method supplements bioaccessibility evaluation based on pesticide inhalation exposure, along with the risk to human health. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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