代理(统计)
健康与退休研究
感觉
经济
库存(枪支)
人口经济学
压力(语言学)
退休年龄
百分点
计量经济学
心理学
老年学
医学
社会心理学
统计
数学
地理
财务
语言学
哲学
考古
退休金
作者
Raquel Fonseca,Ana I. Moro‐Egido,Hugo Morin
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.econmod.2023.106617
摘要
This paper examines the bidirectional causal relationship between retirement and stress. We use data from the PSID for the period 2007–2015. By employing a simultaneous equations approach, we find that experiencing stress increases the likelihood of retirement by approximately 34.8 percentage points, whereas retirement lowers the probability of feeling stress by 19.6 percentage points. We obtain consistent results when we disaggregate data according to various individual characteristics, including gender, occupation, wealth, and ethnicity. To determine actual retirement age, we use official retirement ages and a proxy of health stock as instruments, while lagged physical activity levels serve as a non-linear instrument for perceived stress. Our findings are particularly relevant in terms of policy, and further research is needed to assess the impact of physical activity on economic and well-being outcomes for older individuals.
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