Ascitic IL‐10 Concentration Predicts Prognosis of Patients Undergoing Cell‐Free and Concentrated Ascites Reinfusion Therapy

Abstract Cell‐free and concentrated ascites reinfusion therapy (CART) is now attracting rising attention as one of the strategies against cancer‐related malignant ascites in Japan. Several studies report the safety, effectiveness, and complications of CART applied to patients with malignancies. However, its mechanism reflecting these effects still remains unclear. We evaluated concentration of inflammatory cytokines including interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐6, IL‐8, IL‐12, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α, and immunosuppressive cytokine IL‐10 in ascites before CART procedures. We investigated their impacts on survival. IL‐1β, IL‐6, IL‐8, TNF‐α, and IL‐10 were detected in ascites of the patients undergoing CART. Significant body temperature elevation, one potential complication of CART, was observed among the patients although it was not clinically important. There were no significant correlations between changes in body temperature and the concentration of IL‐6, IL‐8, and IL‐10. The presence of IL‐10 in ascites significantly related to longer survival after the first session of CART procedures. However, we observed no other clinically important correlation between cytokine concentrations and changes in WBC and CRP. Concentration of inflammatory cytokines in ascites did not relate to body temperature change, the chief complication of CART. Surprisingly, the presence of IL‐10 in ascites related to longer survival after CART. Immunological environment of cancer‐related ascites may reflect the outcome of CART and improve survival in those with malignancy.