Introduction 1. Energy and biomass consumption patterns in India 2. Environmental impacts of biomass energy 3. Assessment of bioenergy programmes in India 4. Bioenergy projects 5. Bioenergy - a modernized fuel option for India 6. Land and biomass availability for sustainable bioenergy 7. Environmental and socio-economic benefits of bioenergy 8. Economic analysis of bioenergy options 9. Approaches to implementing bioenergy programmes 10. Implications for bioenergy in developing countries 11. Bioenergy: Barriers, policy options, and guidelines 12. Conclusions and implications